How I Can Generate Key For The Cer

Using the completed configuration file, you can generate a CSR by running the certreq utility. You send the request to a third-party CA, which returns a signed certificate.

Apr 03, 2020 Generate a Certificate Signing Request (CSR). Before you can purchase and install an SSL certificate, you will need to generate a CSR on your server. This file contains your server and public key information, and is required to generate the private key. You can generate a CSR directly from the Apache command line: Start the OpenSSL utility. After creating a self-signed root certificate, export the root certificate public key.cer file (not the private key). You will later upload this file to Azure. The following steps help you export the.cer file for your self-signed root certificate: To obtain a.cer file from the certificate.

Verify that you completed a CSR configuration file. See Create a CSR Configuration File.
Perform the certreq operation described in this procedure on the computer where the CSR configuration file is located.

Procedure

Open a command prompt by right-clicking on Command Prompt in the Start menu and selecting Run as administrator.
Navigate to the directory where you saved the request.inf file.
Generate the CSR file.
For example: certreq -new request.inf certreq.txt
Use the contents of the CSR file to submit a certificate request to the CA in accordance with the CA's enrollment process.
1. When you submit the request to a CA, the CA prompts you to select the type of server on which you will install the certificate. Since View uses the Microsoft Certificates MMC to manage certificates, select a certificate for a server type of Microsoft, Microsoft IIS 7, or something similar. The CA should produce a certificate in the format needed to work with View.
2. If you request a single server name certificate, use a name that Horizon Client devices can resolve into an IP address for this View server. The name that computers use to connect to the View server should match the name associated with the certificate.
Note: The CA might require that you copy and paste the contents of the CSR file (such as certreq.txt) into a Web form. Using a text editor, you can copy the contents of the CSR file. Be sure to include the beginning and ending tags. For example:
After conducting some checks on your company, the CA creates a server certificate based on the information in the CSR, signs it with its private key, and sends you the certificate.
The CA also sends you a root CA certificate and, if applicable, an intermediate CA certificate.
Rename the certificate text file to cert.cer.
Make sure that the file is located on the View server on which the certificate request was generated.
Rename the root CA and intermediate CA certificate files to root.cer and intermediate.cer.
Make sure that the files are located on the View server on which the certificate request was generated.
Note: These certificates do not have to be in PKCS#12 (PFX) format when you use the certreq utility to import the certificates into the Windows local computer certificate store. PKCS#12 (PFX) format is required when you use the Certificate Import wizard to import certificates into the Windows certificate store.

Verify that the CSR file and its private key were stored in the Windows local computer certificate store.

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The Application Gateway v2 SKU introduces the use of Trusted Root Certificates to allow backend servers. This removes authentication certificates that were required in the v1 SKU. The root certificate is a Base-64 encoded X.509(.CER) format root certificate from the backend certificate server. It identifies the root certificate authority (CA) that issued the server certificate and the server certificate is then used for the TLS/SSL communication.

Application Gateway trusts your website's certificate by default if it's signed by a well-known CA (for example, GoDaddy or DigiCert). You don't need to explicitly upload the root certificate in that case. For more information, see Overview of TLS termination and end to end TLS with Application Gateway. However, if you have a dev/test environment and don't want to purchase a verified CA signed certificate, you can create your own custom CA and create a self-signed certificate with it.

Note

Self-signed certificates are not trusted by default and they can be difficult to maintain. Also, they may use outdated hash and cipher suites that may not be strong. For better security, purchase a certificate signed by a well-known certificate authority.

In this article, you will learn how to:

Create your own custom Certificate Authority
Create a self-signed certificate signed by your custom CA
Upload a self-signed root certificate to an Application Gateway to authenticate the backend server

Prerequisites

OpenSSL on a computer running Windows or Linux
While there could be other tools available for certificate management, this tutorial uses OpenSSL. You can find OpenSSL bundled with many Linux distributions, such as Ubuntu.
A web server
For example, Apache, IIS, or NGINX to test the certificates.
An Application Gateway v2 SKU
If you don't have an existing application gateway, see Quickstart: Direct web traffic with Azure Application Gateway - Azure portal.

Create a root CA certificate

Create your root CA certificate using OpenSSL.

Create the root key

Sign in to your computer where OpenSSL is installed and run the following command. This creates a password protected key.
At the prompt, type a strong password. For example, at least nine characters, using upper case, lower case, numbers, and symbols.

Create a Root Certificate and self-sign it

Use the following commands to generate the csr and the certificate.
The previous commands create the root certificate. You'll use this to sign your server certificate.
When prompted, type the password for the root key, and the organizational information for the custom CA such as Country, State, Org, OU, and the fully qualified domain name (this is the domain of the issuer).

Create a server certificate

Next, you'll create a server certificate using OpenSSL.

Create the certificate's key

Use the following command to generate the key for the server certificate.

Create the CSR (Certificate Signing Request)

The CSR is a public key that is given to a CA when requesting a certificate. The CA issues the certificate for this specific request.

Note

The CN (Common Name) for the server certificate must be different from the issuer's domain. For example, in this case, the CN for the issuer is www.contoso.com and the server certificate's CN is www.fabrikam.com.

Use the following command to generate the CSR:
When prompted, type the password for the root key, and the organizational information for the custom CA: Country, State, Org, OU, and the fully qualified domain name. This is the domain of the website and it should be different from the issuer.

Generate the certificate with the CSR and the key and sign it with the CA's root key

Use the following command to create the certificate:

Verify the newly created certificate

Use the following command to print the output of the CRT file and verify its content:
Verify the files in your directory, and ensure you have the following files:
- contoso.crt
- contoso.key
- fabrikam.crt
- fabrikam.key

Configure the certificate in your web server's TLS settings

In your web server, configure TLS using the fabrikam.crt and fabrikam.key files. If your web server can't take two files, you can combine them to a single .pem or .pfx file using OpenSSL commands.

IIS

For instructions on how to import certificate and upload them as server certificate on IIS, see HOW TO: Install Imported Certificates on a Web Server in Windows Server 2003.

How To Generate Private Key For A Certificate

For TLS binding instructions, see How to Set Up SSL on IIS 7.

Apache

The following configuration is an example virtual host configured for SSL in Apache:

How I Can Generate Key For The Certified

NGINX

The following configuration is an example NGINX server block with TLS configuration:

Access the server to verify the configuration

Add the root certificate to your machine's trusted root store. When you access the website, ensure the entire certificate chain is seen in the browser.
Note
It's assumed that DNS has been configured to point the web server name (in this example, www.fabrikam.com) to your web server's IP address. If not, you can edit the hosts file to resolve the name.
Browse to your website, and click the lock icon on your browser's address box to verify the site and certificate information.

Verify the configuration with OpenSSL

How I Can Generate Key For The Certification

Or, you can use OpenSSL to verify the certificate.

Upload the root certificate to Application Gateway's HTTP Settings

To upload the certificate in Application Gateway, you must export the .crt certificate into a .cer format Base-64 encoded. Since .crt already contains the public key in the base-64 encoded format, just rename the file extension from .crt to .cer.

Azure portal

To upload the trusted root certificate from the portal, select the HTTP Settings and choose the HTTPS protocol.

Azure PowerShell

Or, you can use Azure CLI or Azure PowerShell to upload the root certificate. The following code is an Azure PowerShell sample.

Note

The following sample adds a trusted root certificate to the application gateway, creates a new HTTP setting and adds a new rule, assuming the backend pool and the listener exist already.

Verify the application gateway backend health

Click the Backend Health view of your application gateway to check if the probe is healthy.
You should see that the Status is Healthy for the HTTPS probe.

Next steps

To learn more about SSLTLS in Application Gateway, see Overview of TLS termination and end to end TLS with Application Gateway. Ubuntu generate ssh key for another user.